Calculators

Amazon Affiliate Calculator

Estimate your Amazon Associates income. Input your traffic clicks, choose product categories to auto-fill official commission rates, and review yearly earnings projections.

The percentage of link clicks that buy (Amazon Associate average is 3% - 8%).

Awaiting Click Metrics

Enter your monthly affiliate link traffic to calculate commission distributions.

The Complete Amazon Affiliate Earnings & Commission Guide (2026)

Monetizing an online audience through the Amazon Associates program remains one of the most reliable, battle-tested ways to generate passive income from content creation. Whether you operate a dedicated review blog, a niche authority site, a high-growth YouTube channel, or an engaged social media community, understanding the exact financial mechanics of Amazon affiliate commissions is the cornerstone of building a profitable online business.

Because Amazon employs category-specific fixed commission schedules and performance metrics, projecting your income manually can be challenging. Our Amazon Affiliate Calculator simplifies revenue forecasting by calculating gross merchandise volume, item conversion volume, and realistic monthly and annual payouts based on current category commission structures.

đź’ˇ In-Depth Strategic Analysis Available

For a deep dive into cookie tracking nuances, multi-territory localization, and advanced conversion funnels, explore our detailed companion guide: Amazon Affiliate Commission Rates & Calculation Strategies.

How to Use This Amazon Affiliate Calculator Effectively

This calculator transforms raw traffic estimates into actionable revenue projections. Follow these five simple steps to audit your site's monetization potential:

Step 1: Enter Monthly Link Clicks

Input the total number of outbound clicks your Amazon affiliate links receive each month. You can source this metric directly from your Amazon Associates Central Reporting Dashboard (under the 'Clicks' column) or estimate it from Google Analytics / Plausible event tracking by multiplying page views by your average link click-through rate (CTR).

Step 2: Enter Average Item Price (ASP / Average Order Value)

Input the average retail price of the items your readers typically purchase. If your site reviews affordable kitchen utensils, your Average Selling Price (ASP) might be $25.00 to $45.00. For high-end gaming laptops, mirrorless cameras, or power tools, your ASP could exceed $250.00 to $800.00.

Step 3: Choose Your Primary Product Category

Select the category that best aligns with your primary content niche. The calculator will automatically apply Amazon's official fixed fee percentage. If your product line spans a custom promotional agreement or specialized bounty payouts, select Custom Commission Rate Override to specify an exact percentage.

Step 4: Set a Realistic Conversion Rate

Enter the percentage of visitors who click your affiliate link and complete an eligible transaction on Amazon. While industry-wide e-commerce conversion rates hover around 1.5% to 2.5%, Amazon Associates traffic converts significantly higher—typically between 3.0% and 8.0%—due to Amazon Prime trust, saved credit cards, and frictionless 1-click checkout.

Step 5: Review the Commission Metrics Audit

Click Calculate Affiliate Earnings to instantly view your estimated monthly commission, low-to-high variance range, total physical items sold, gross sales merchandise volume (GMV), and 12-month annual income projections.

How the Amazon Associates Program Works

At its core, Amazon Associates operates on a cost-per-acquisition (CPA) performance marketing framework. As an approved Associate, you generate unique tracking links embedded with your personalized affiliate tag (e.g., tag=yourstore-20). When prospective buyers click your link, Amazon places a tracking cookie on their browser to attribute qualified sales to your account.

The 24-Hour Tracking Cookie Window

The Amazon affiliate tracking window is famously fast-paced. When a user clicks your affiliate link, the cookie remains active for 24 hours. If the user completes an order for any qualifying items during that 24-hour window, you receive the full commission for those items.

However, the cookie session ends early if any of the following events occur:

  • The customer submits their order within the 24 hours (a new click is required to start a new session).
  • The customer clicks an affiliate link belonging to a different Amazon Associate (last-click attribution applies).
  • The 24-hour expiration window lapses before any items are added to the shopping cart.

The 89-Day Shopping Cart Extension Rule

There is an important exception to the 24-hour rule known as the 89-Day Shopping Cart Extension. If a customer clicks your link and adds an eligible item to their Amazon shopping cart within the 24-hour cookie window, you still earn the commission if they finalize the purchase within 89 days—provided the customer does not remove the item from their cart or click another affiliate's link before checking out.

The Amazon 'Halo Effect' (Cross-Category Earnings)

One of the most lucrative aspects of the Amazon Associates program is the legendary Halo Effect. You do not merely earn commissions on the specific product you linked to; you earn commissions on everything the shopper adds to their cart and buys during the active session.

For example, if you publish a book review and a reader clicks your link for a $15 paperback, but proceeds to purchase a $450 espresso machine, a $75 set of gourmet coffee beans, and household cleaning supplies in the same session, you receive category-specific commissions on the entire cart total. This cross-shopping behavior often boosts realized earnings well beyond initial click projections.

✨ The Power of the Halo Effect

Top Amazon affiliates report that 40% to 65% of their total monthly commission earnings come from indirect halo items that they never specifically linked to in their content!

How Amazon Affiliate Commissions Are Calculated

Amazon uses a straightforward, transparent mathematical formula to calculate monthly payouts. The exact formula executed by our calculator is:

Monthly Earnings = Monthly Clicks Ă— (Conversion Rate / 100) Ă— Average Order Value Ă— (Category Commission Rate / 100)

To break down the calculation into individual steps:

  1. Total Items Sold: Multiply monthly link clicks by the conversion rate percentage. (e.g., 10,000 clicks Ă— 5% = 500 items sold).
  2. Gross Sales Volume: Multiply items sold by the average order value. (e.g., 500 items Ă— $50.00 = $25,000.00 in gross revenue generated for Amazon).
  3. Net Monthly Commission: Multiply gross sales volume by the category commission rate percentage. (e.g., $25,000.00 Ă— 4.5% = $1,125.00 in affiliate earnings).
  4. Annual Projected Run-Rate: Multiply net monthly commission by 12 months. (e.g., $1,125.00 Ă— 12 = $13,500.00 annual revenue).

Official Amazon Associates Commission Rate Table (2026)

Amazon standardizes commission rates by product classification. The following table reflects the official, active fixed commission schedules across standard product categories:

Product CategoryFixed Commission RateSample Items Included
Luxury Beauty & Luxury Stores10.00%High-end cosmetics, luxury skincare, designer fragrances, boutique brands
Amazon Games10.00%First-party digital titles, in-game currency, digital game downloads
Digital & Physical Music, Handmade, Video5.00%Vinyl records, artisan crafted goods, downloadable MP3s, digital movie purchases
Physical Books, Kitchen, Automotive4.50%Hardcover & paperback books, cookware, small appliances, car accessories, tools
Amazon Fashion, Apparel, Shoes, Jewelry, Luggage4.00%Clothing, athletic shoes, designer watches, travel suitcases, backpacks
Home, Lawn & Garden, Pets, Toys, Furniture, Baby3.00%Home decor, pet food & supplies, board games, nursery furniture, patio sets
PC, PC Components, DVD, Blu-Ray2.50%CPUs, GPUs, motherboards, RAM, storage drives, 4K UHD Blu-Ray discs
Televisions, Digital Video Games2.00%Smart OLED/QLED TVs, home theater audio, console digital store keys
Tablets, Kindle, Ring, Echo, Physical Video Games1.00%Kindle Paperwhite, Echo Dot, Ring doorbells, PS5/Xbox disc games
Gift Cards, Alcohol, Wireless Service Plans0.00%Amazon gift cards, wine/liquor, mobile phone cellular service plans

Amazon Special Bounty Programs (Fixed Flat-Rate Rewards)

In addition to category percentages on physical goods, Amazon offers generous fixed cash bounties when you refer readers who activate Amazon subscription services and free trial programs:

Bounty Program / ServiceFlat Bounty PayoutQualifying Action Required
Amazon Prime 30-Day Free Trial$3.00User activates a free trial of Amazon Prime
Audible Premium Plus Free Trial$5.00 - $10.00User registers for an Audible 30-day membership trial
Amazon Business (Free Corporate Account)$15.00Verified business registers a free Amazon Business profile
Amazon Baby Registry$3.00User creates a qualifying baby gift registry
Amazon Wedding Registry$3.00User creates and adds products to a wedding registry
Amazon Music Unlimited Free Trial$3.00User enrolls in a 30-day music streaming trial

Key Factors That Dictate Your Amazon Affiliate Earnings

Two websites with the exact same traffic volume of 50,000 monthly visitors can experience wildly different affiliate earnings—one might earn $200 per month while the other generates $4,500 per month. The disparity boils down to five core revenue drivers:

1. Search Intent & Funnel Positioning

The psychological intent of your audience when they land on your page is the single greatest determinant of your conversion rate.

  • Informational Intent (Low Conversion: 0.5% - 2.0%): Queries like 'how to calibrate a monitor' or 'history of coffee beans' attract readers seeking answers, not shopping carts.
  • Commercial Investigation Intent (High Conversion: 4.0% - 8.0%): Queries like 'best nonstick skillet for induction cooktops' or 'AirPods Pro vs Sony WF-1000XM5' attract readers actively comparing purchasing options.
  • Transactional Intent (Ultra-High Conversion: 10.0% - 18.0%+): Queries like 'discount code Instant Pot Duo 7-in-1' or 'where to buy Breville Barista Express' target ready-to-buy consumers looking for the fastest checkout link.

2. Average Order Value (AOV) vs Impulse Buy Dynamics

There is an inherent trade-off between product price and conversion frequency:

  • Low-Ticket Items ($10 - $40): High impulse purchase rate (6% - 12% conversion), but requires immense click volume to earn substantial aggregate revenue.
  • Mid-Ticket Items ($50 - $200): The optimal sweet spot for most affiliate publishers. Provides solid dollar commissions ($2.25 - $9.00 per item) while maintaining strong buyer conversion velocity (4% - 7%).
  • High-Ticket Items ($500 - $2,500+): Delivers massive single-sale commissions ($12.50 - $60.00+), but comes with longer consumer consideration cycles, price comparison friction, and lower overall conversion rates (1.0% - 3.0%).

3. Seasonality & Major Retail Shopping Holidays

Amazon revenue is subject to dramatic quarterly fluctuations. Top affiliate publishers frequently earn 40% to 60% of their total annual affiliate revenue during Q4 alone (October through December) due to early holiday shopping, Black Friday, Cyber Monday, and Christmas gift guides. Secondary traffic and revenue surges occur during Amazon Prime Day (July) and Prime Big Deal Days (October).

4. Multi-Territory Traffic Leaks & Geo-Localization

If your website attracts global visitors (e.g., from the UK, Canada, Germany, or Australia), standard US-only Amazon affiliate links will lead non-US shoppers to the Amazon.com store, where international shipping rates or regional restrictions often prevent checkout. By integrating Amazon OneLink or smart geo-redirection services like Geniuslink, international clicks are routed to each visitor's localized Amazon storefront (Amazon.co.uk, Amazon.ca, Amazon.de), capturing previously lost commissions.

5. Return Rates and Order Cancellations

Amazon Associate commissions are credited when an item ships, but earnings are clawed back if the customer returns the item or cancels the order within 30 to 60 days. High-return categories such as apparel, fashion, and footwear typically see return rates of 15% to 25%, whereas books, kitchenware, and digital goods experience return rates below 3%.

Realistic Earning Examples Across Different Traffic Tiers

To understand how these metrics translate into real-world bank deposits, let us analyze four distinct creator scenarios across different niches, audience sizes, and conversion rates:

Scenario A: The Beginner Food & Kitchen Blogger

Niche: Home Cooking & Recipe Blog | Category: Kitchen (4.50% commission)

  • Monthly Outbound Clicks: 3,000 clicks
  • Conversion Rate: 4.5% (135 orders placed)
  • Average Selling Price: $42.00 (Cookware, chef knives, silicone baking mats)
  • Gross Sales Volume: 135 Ă— $42.00 = $5,670.00 GMV
  • Monthly Commission Payout: $5,670.00 Ă— 4.5% = $255.15 / month
  • Annual Run-Rate: $3,061.80 / year

Scenario B: The Growing Home & Gardening Publisher

Niche: Indoor Plants & Patio Care | Category: Lawn & Garden / Home (3.00% commission)

  • Monthly Outbound Clicks: 12,500 clicks
  • Conversion Rate: 5.2% (650 orders placed)
  • Average Selling Price: $58.00 (Grow lights, organic fertilizers, planters, pruning tools)
  • Gross Sales Volume: 650 Ă— $58.00 = $37,700.00 GMV
  • Monthly Commission Payout: $37,700.00 Ă— 3.0% = $1,131.00 / month
  • Annual Run-Rate: $13,572.00 / year

Scenario C: The Authority PC Hardware & Gaming Reviewer

Niche: Custom PC Builds & Tech Hardware | Category: PC & Components (2.50% commission)

  • Monthly Outbound Clicks: 30,000 clicks
  • Conversion Rate: 3.4% (1,020 orders placed)
  • Average Selling Price: $165.00 (Mechanical keyboards, SSDs, power supplies, monitors)
  • Gross Sales Volume: 1,020 Ă— $165.00 = $168,300.00 GMV
  • Monthly Commission Payout: $168,300.00 Ă— 2.5% = $4,207.50 / month
  • Annual Run-Rate: $50,490.00 / year

Scenario D: The High-Traffic Skincare & Luxury Beauty Influencer

Niche: Dermatology & Premium Skincare | Category: Luxury Beauty (10.00% commission)

  • Monthly Outbound Clicks: 45,000 clicks
  • Conversion Rate: 6.0% (2,700 orders placed)
  • Average Selling Price: $52.00 (Anti-aging serums, designer moisturizers, sunscreen sets)
  • Gross Sales Volume: 2,700 Ă— $52.00 = $140,400.00 GMV
  • Monthly Commission Payout: $140,400.00 Ă— 10.0% = $14,040.00 / month
  • Annual Run-Rate: $168,480.00 / year

Traffic Tier vs Revenue Matrix

Here is a side-by-side comparative summary demonstrating how category margins, traffic volume, and order size compound your monthly income:

Publisher ProfileMonthly ClicksConversion RateAverage OrderCommission RateMonthly IncomeAnnual Income
Niche Hobbyist1,5004.0%$30.004.5% (Books/Kitchen)$81.00$972.00
Active Blogger5,0005.0%$45.004.0% (Fashion/Apparel)$450.00$5,400.00
Established Authority20,0004.5%$75.003.0% (Home/Pets)$2,025.00$24,300.00
High-Volume Media75,0003.8%$120.002.5% (Tech/PC)$8,550.00$102,600.00
Beauty / Luxury Creator50,0006.0%$50.0010.0% (Luxury Beauty)$15,000.00$180,000.00

Actionable Strategies to Multiply Your Amazon Affiliate Earnings

If your traffic is growing but your commission checks feel stagnant, applying proven conversion rate optimization (CRO) tactics can double or triple your income without requiring a single additional visitor:

1. Deploy Interactive Product Comparison Tables

Over 55% of readers scan rather than read full-length articles. Placing a clean, responsive comparison table at the top of your review articles—summarizing your 'Top Pick', 'Best Budget', and 'Premium Upgrade' options with high-contrast 'Check Price on Amazon' buttons—captures high-intent clicks instantly from readers who want immediate recommendations.

2. Pair Core Products with Essential Accessories (Basket Building)

Leverage the 24-hour halo effect by recommending cohesive product bundles. If you write an in-depth review of a $200 air fryer, explicitly recommend necessary add-ons: silicone liners, digital meat thermometers, oil spritzer bottles, and a specialized air fryer recipe cookbook. When readers add multiple recommended items to their cart simultaneously, your average commission per click skyrockets.

3. Structure Content Around 'Commercial Intent' Modifiers

Focus your content calendar on keyword frameworks that attract active buyers:

  • 'Best [Product Category] for [Specific User/Use Case]' (e.g., 'Best Ergonomic Office Chairs for Lower Back Pain')
  • '[Product A] vs [Product B]: In-Depth Comparison' (e.g., 'Ninja Creami vs Cuisinart Ice Cream Maker')
  • '[Brand Name] [Model] Review: Worth Buying in 2026?' (e.g., 'Roborock S8 Pro Ultra Review')
  • 'Top [Category] Under $[Price Point]' (e.g., 'Best Wireless Earbuds Under $50')

4. Capitalize on the Amazon Influencer Program & Video Reviews

The Amazon Influencer Program gives content creators their own customizable Amazon storefront (amazon.com/shop/yourname) and access to Amazon Onsite Commission placement. By uploading 60-to-90-second shoppable video reviews directly to product detail pages, you can earn commissions from organic Amazon searchers watching your videos on Amazon's product listings.

5. Refresh and Update Seasonal Buying Guides Early

Do not wait until November to publish holiday gift guides. Search engines take 4 to 8 weeks to index and rank new content. Update your existing high-ranking seasonal articles in September and October, verifying that all recommended ASINs remain in stock and active.

Critical Compliance Rules & Common Mistakes to Avoid

Amazon maintains one of the strictest affiliate operating agreements in the digital marketing industry. A single compliance violation can result in immediate account termination and forfeiture of unpaid commissions. Avoid these common traps:

⚠️ Essential Compliance Guardrails

Amazon's automated compliance crawlers audit associate websites continuously. Ensure your site adheres to all operating policies before scaling traffic.

  • Never Hardcode Static Dollar Prices: Displaying static text like 'Buy this blender for only $49.99' violates Amazon rules because prices change dynamically. Either omit the exact dollar amount and use 'Check Price on Amazon', or use the official Amazon PA-API with an automated date/time timestamp.
  • Always Include the Mandatory Amazon & FTC Disclosure: You must prominently display the required Amazon Associates statement on your website: 'As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.' This notice must appear before any affiliate links on every page where links exist.
  • Never Put Amazon Affiliate Links in Emails, PDFs, or Ebooks: Amazon strictly prohibits placing affiliate links in offline formats, private email newsletters, PDF downloads, or SMS text messages. Instead, link your newsletter subscribers to a public blog post or landing page on your website containing your affiliate links.
  • Never Purchase Products Through Your Own Affiliate Links: Amazon's fraud detection algorithms track IP addresses, billing addresses, credit cards, and household connections. Ordering through your own tracking link—or asking family members and friends to buy through your links—results in permanent account bans.
  • Do Not Use URL Shorteners to Mask Amazon Links: Using generic link shorteners like bit.ly or TinyURL to disguise your affiliate tag is forbidden. You must either use clean Amazon amzn.to shortlinks generated directly by Amazon SiteStripe or ensure your custom redirection plugin clearly displays the destination domain.
  • Never Mention Amazon Customer Star Ratings Directly in Static Text: Quoting exact star ratings (e.g., 'Rated 4.8 stars with 12,400 reviews') in static text violates policies because review metrics update continuously.

Amazon Associates vs Other Affiliate Programs: Comprehensive Comparison

While Amazon is the premier entry point for affiliate monetization, diversifying with specialized affiliate networks is essential as your traffic scales. Here is how Amazon compares to direct merchant affiliate programs (such as Impact, ShareASale, CJ Affiliate, and Rakuten):

Evaluation FeatureAmazon AssociatesDirect Merchant Programs (CJ, Impact, ShareASale)
Cookie Window Duration24 Hours (89-day cart hold)30 Days to 90 Days (Standard)
Commission Rate Percentage1.0% to 10.0% (Average 3% - 4.5%)8.0% to 30.0%+ (Significantly higher payouts)
Conversion Rate EfficiencyVery High (3% - 10%+)Moderate (1% - 3%)
Cross-Category Halo EarningsYes (Full cart qualification)No (Only products from that specific merchant)
Brand Recognition & TrustUnmatched (Prime benefits, 1-click)Varies by individual brand merchant
Product Catalog Breadth350+ Million items in stockLimited to merchant's individual inventory
Payment Threshold & Reliability$10 Direct Deposit (Punctual NET 60)$50 - $100 (Depends on merchant network)

The Optimal Hybrid Monetization Framework

The most profitable digital publishers do not choose between Amazon and direct brand programs—they combine both in a complementary Hybrid Monetization Strategy:

  • Use Direct Affiliate Programs for High-Ticket Hero Products: When reviewing a $1,200 mattress, $800 mountain bike, or specialized SaaS software, link to the direct brand's partner program to capture high 10% to 25% commissions ($120 - $250 per sale) with a 30-day cookie window.
  • Use Amazon for Accessories, Consumables & Alternative Options: In the same article, provide Amazon links for budget alternatives, complementary accessories (pillows, sheets, bike helmets, chain lube), and 'Buy on Amazon' options for readers who prioritize their Amazon Prime shipping convenience over the direct brand store.

Best Practices for Amazon Affiliate Marketing in 2026

Search engine algorithms and consumer shopping behaviors continue to evolve rapidly. To future-proof your Amazon affiliate website in 2026 and beyond, incorporate these modern industry standards:

1. Emphasize Authentic First-Hand Testing (E-E-A-T)

Modern search engines and AI answer engines aggressively reward authentic Experience, Expertise, Authoritativeness, and Trustworthiness (E-E-A-T). Generic product specification summaries no longer rank. Include original high-resolution photography, hands-on video demonstration clips, concrete performance benchmark data, and honest discussion of product limitations and drawbacks.

2. Optimize for AI Search & Generative Engine Optimization (GEO)

With the rise of AI Overviews, Perplexity, and conversational search assistants, structure your product verdict summaries in clear, modular bullet points. Provide concise answers to questions like 'Who is this product best for?' and 'What are the key trade-offs?' to ensure your site is cited as the primary authority source in AI answer cards.

3. Ensure Flawless Mobile Responsiveness & Sub-Second Speeds

Over 70% of Amazon affiliate clicks originate from mobile devices. If your comparison tables break on mobile screens, or if your website takes more than 1.5 seconds to load, your conversion rates will crater. Clean code, lightweight layouts, and responsive designs are non-negotiable prerequisites for affiliate success.

4. Conduct Quarterly Link Audits

Products frequently go out of stock, change sellers, or become discontinued on Amazon. Use broken link checkers and Amazon dashboard reports every quarter to replace discontinued ASINs with updated current-generation model equivalents.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the Amazon Associates program?

Amazon Associates is Amazon's official affiliate marketing program. It allows website owners, bloggers, content creators, and influencers to monetize their audience traffic by embedding customized affiliate referral links. When a visitor clicks a tracking link and purchases qualifying products within 24 hours, the affiliate earns a percentage-based commission on the sale.

How do product categories affect my commission rates?

Amazon assigns fixed standard commission rates based on product category. Rates range from 1% up to 10%. For example, Luxury Beauty and Amazon Games offer a 10% commission; Physical Books, Kitchen, and Automotive yield 4.5%; Apparel and Shoes pay 4.0%; Home, Pet Products, and Toys yield 3.0%; PC and PC Components earn 2.5%; Televisions pay 2.0%; and Kindle or Fire Tablets pay 1.0%.

What is a typical Amazon affiliate conversion rate?

Because Amazon is a globally trusted e-commerce platform with fast Prime shipping and one-click purchasing, conversion rates are significantly higher than standard retail sites. Typical Amazon affiliate conversion rates average between 3% and 8%. High-intent commercial content such as product roundups, comparison tables, and buyer's guides often converts at 8% to 12% or higher.

What is the Amazon 24-hour cookie window and how does the cart hold work?

When a user clicks your affiliate link, a 24-hour tracking cookie is placed on their browser. You earn commissions on any eligible products they add to their cart during that 24-hour session. If an item is added to their cart within the 24-hour window, you still receive credit as long as they complete the checkout within 89 days, provided the customer does not clear their cart or click another affiliate's link.

What is the Amazon 'Halo Effect' (cross-category sales)?

The 'Halo Effect' occurs when a reader clicks your affiliate link for one product (such as a $15 book) but purchases other unrelated items during that shopping session (such as a $600 coffee machine or $150 in household groceries). Amazon credits you with qualifying commissions on every eligible item purchased in that entire cart.

Can I mention specific product prices in my articles?

No. Amazon's Operating Agreement strictly prohibits hardcoding fixed product prices in static content because Amazon prices fluctuate dynamically. You may only display real-time prices using the Amazon Product Advertising API (PA-API) with a required timestamp, or use generic call-to-action buttons such as 'Check Current Price on Amazon'.

What is the difference between direct and indirect qualifying purchases?

A direct qualifying purchase occurs when a customer buys the exact product you linked to in your content. An indirect qualifying purchase occurs when a customer clicks your link for Product A but ends up purchasing Product B in a different category. Under current Amazon operating rules, both earn you category-specific commissions during the active 24-hour session.

How do Amazon Bounty events work?

Bounties are fixed dollar payouts Amazon awards when you refer visitors who sign up for specific Amazon services and free trials. For example, referring sign-ups for Amazon Prime Free Trials, Audible memberships, Amazon Business accounts, Prime Video Channels, and Baby or Wedding Registries pay flat bounties ranging from $3.00 to $15.00+ per registration, regardless of whether the user makes a physical product purchase.